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 How to run a full bitcoin node

A full node can be useful for developers, vendors and end users. Running the Bitcoin Core client on your hardware gives you the benefits of privacy and security, and strengthens the bitcoin network as a whole. With a full node, you will no longer rely on anyone else to interact directly with the ecosystem.

Several bitcoin-focused companies offer users a kind of "play-and-play" node. The pre-assembled hardware is delivered to the consumer, who only needs to turn it on to start uploading blockchain data. This can be much more convenient for less technically savvy users, but for the most part such solutions are significantly more expensive than setting up your own devices.

In most cases, an old PC or laptop will suffice. It is not advisable to run node on your everyday computing device as this can significantly slow it down. Blockchain is constantly growing, so you need to make sure you have enough free hard disk space to download all your network information. 

A 1TB hard disk will be sufficient for the next few years, assuming there are no major changes to the size of the blockchain. Other requirements include 2GB RAM (the default, and generally most computers have more than the required amount) and high bandwidth.

We recommend reading the detailed process of setting up a full node startup at bitcoin.org. 

How to mine bitcoin

In the early days of bitcoin the first users had the ability to create new blocks with a regular laptop. As the system was unknown to many, not many people were competing in mining. Due to very low activity, the protocol tweaked and set the mining complexity low.

As the hash rate of the network was rapidly gaining momentum, participants needed to upgrade their hardware to remain competitive. By switching to different types of hardware, the mining industry eventually entered the era of ad hoc integrated circuits (ASICs).

As the name implies, such devices are created with a single purpose in mind. They are extremely efficient, but within the confines of only one task. So, a mining ASIC is specialised computer equipment that is used solely for mining and nothing else. A Bitcoin-ASIC can only mine bitcoins, but it cannot mine other coins that do not use a similar algorithm.

Today, bitcoin mining requires a significant investment, not only in equipment but also in electricity. At the time of writing, a good mining device performs up to ten trillion settlement transactions per second. While asics are very efficient, they consume a huge amount of electricity. If you don't have access to multiple miners and cheap electricity, you are unlikely to make a profit mining bitcoins.

Setting up your devices for mining is pretty straightforward, as many asics come with internal software right out of the box. The most popular option is to submit your mining power to a mining pool, where you will be joining other members in an effort to discover and mine a block. If you are successful in doing so, you will receive a share of the reward for the block in proportion to your hash rate.


You can also mine alone, working for yourself. In that case the probability of mining a block will be much lower, but you will keep the whole reward for yourself if you do the validation.

How long does it take to mine bitcoin?

It is difficult to give an exact answer, as there are several different variables to consider. The speed of mining the coin depends on the amount of electricity and your hash rate. You also need to consider the cost of running and maintaining your mining devices.

To get an idea of the income you get from mining bitcoins, it is advisable to use a dedicated mining calculator to estimate the associated costs.

Who can make changes to the bitcoin code?

Bitcoin Core software is open-source, so anyone can contribute to the bitcoin system. This gives you access to new features that will be added to the more than 70,000 lines of code, as well as the ability to suggest innovations of your own. You can also report bugs, translate and improve the look of the documentation.


Changes to the software go through a rigorous review process. All this is to ensure that your software, which processes hundreds of billions of dollars worth of transactions, is not vulnerable in any way.


If you are interested in contributing to bitcoin, be sure to check out the Bitcoin Core website for details or check out Jimmy Song's blog post describing his experience with it.


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